კონფერენცია

∘ Nataliya Gruschinskaya ∘
Economic potential of collaboration of Ukraine - to Israel. Summary

The article reveals issues of relations between Ukraine and Israel. Economic relations are adjusted depending on the geopolitical processes of the present. The author emphasizes the active pace of development of the Israeli economy and the possibility of using experience for Ukraine. Innovation of the Israeli economy deserves to be studied and used. Particular attention deserves achievements in agriculture, banking, IT technologies.

Key words: national economy, bilateral relations Ukraine - Israel, innovations, investments.

Introduction

Socio-economic development in Israel depends, first of all, on global economic trends, the security situation in the Middle East, and the effectiveness of government action to address social problems. Given the export orientation of the Israeli economy, there is a risk of lower demand for Israeli products due to the volatile situation in the euro area, as well as the imbalance in the growth of US and EU economies, the main trading partners of the State of Israel.

Main part.The economy of Israel is a country with a developed economy, which is determined by the rapidly evolving anagrarian and agrarian dispersal. Key manufacturing industries are property owned and regulated by the state (rail transport, electricity, water supply, oil production).

Israel is one of the most developed economically and industrially countries in Southwest Asia, a country with a developed economy and high economic performance in general. According to the ratings of the World Economic Forum for 2017-2018, the country is on the 29th place. In 2008, Forbes magazine ranked "Top Countries for Business", where Israel ranked 16th.

The technology of water conservation, as well as geothermal energy, has led Israel into world leaders in these areas. Under the development of software, telecommunications and natural sciences, the state can be equated to the American Silicon Valley. Such giants as Microsoft and Intel, IBM, SAP, Motorola and Cisco Systems in Israel have opened their research and development centers.

GDP of Israel is distributed as follows: 2.7% - agriculture, 30.2% - industry, 67.1% - services sector. As of 2011, the unemployment rate in the state amounted to 5.8%.

Innovative activity of the country is taken to measure the number of patents used by 1 million people. And, accordingly, this indicator for 2010-2016 in Israel increased the figure by one million people by 100, which led to a direct increase in GDP per capita in the country.

In the structure of industrial production prevails high-tech products, as well as products from paper and wood, potash and phosphate fertilizers, light industry, beverages, tobacco, caustic soda, cement, construction, metal products, chemicals, plastics, diamond processing, textiles, footwear. Israel mainly imports raw materials, armaments, means of production, rough diamonds, fuel, grain, consumer goods. A large number of defense industry enterprises, and high-tech products.

The state of Israel is pursuing a policy of subsidizing enterprises engaged in research and the introduction of new technologies, each year for these purposes is allocated about $ 400 million. Distribution of subsidies is engaged in the Bureau of the Chief Scientist at the Ministry of Commerce. Under conditions of successful sales of products, companies received subsidies for research and development, pay compensation to the Ministry in the form of interest payments.

Israel fully provides its own electricity needs.

In the international competitiveness rating, Israel has risen to third place in 2017 in the field of innovation, after Finland and Switzerland. The achievements of Israel are defined by the parameters of the country - the cost of innovation as a share of GDP, the security of information networks and the level of innovation in business. Israel ranked fifth in the global ranking of the Bloomberg innovation index. The first places are South Korea, Japan, Germany, Finland according to the rating of intellectual property, the presence on the market of IT companies, availability of highly skilled labor. Israel's high technology sector continues to grow steadily, as does the Israeli cybersecurity industry: in 2016, Izraal exported products and services in the field of cyber security totaling more than $ 3 billion. USA.

Under conditions of successful sales of products, companies received subsidies for research and development, pay compensation to the Ministry in the form of interest payments.

Israel fully provides its own electricity needs.

In the international competitiveness rating, Israel has risen to third place in 2017 in the field of innovation, after Finland and Switzerland. The achievements of Israel are defined by the parameters of the country - the cost of innovation as a share of GDP, the security of information networks and the level of innovation in business. Israel ranked fifth in the global ranking of the Bloomberg innovation index. The first places are South Korea, Japan, Germany, Finland according to the rating of intellectual property, the presence on the market of IT companies, availability of highly skilled labor. Israel's high technology sector continues to grow steadily, as does the Israeli cybersecurity industry: in 2016, Israel exported products and services in the field of cyber security totaling more than $ 3 billion. USA.

Israel has developed agriculture, stoic production of citrus fruits, vegetables, cotton, beef, poultry, milk. Intensive research and development, even in traditional industries, has transformed Israel from land flowing with milk and honey into a state of high technology, including software, communications, biotechnology, pharmaceutical industry and nanotechnology.

In general, Israel's own agricultural sector provides 95% of food supplies, with a large number of products being exported. Some cereals and oilseeds, meat, coffee, cacao and sugar are imported into the country. In agriculture, this occupy 3.5% of the able-bodied population.

According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine in 2017, the volume of trade in goods and services between Ukraine and Israel amounted to 973.4 million dollars. The US has increased, compared with 2016, by 13% or by USD 112.1 million. The USA (in 2016 - USD 861.3 million). At the same time, exports amounted to 781.4 million dollars. US and increased by 18.6% or by 124.6 million dollars. The United States (in 2016 - USD 658.8 million), while imports amounted to USD 192 million. The US dollar decreased by 6.1% or by USD 12.5 million. The USA (in 2016 - USD 204.5 million).

The surplus for foreign trade in goods and services with Israel in 2017 was positive for Ukraine of $ 589.4 million. USA.

The volume of trade in goods between Ukraine and Israel in 2017 amounted to USD 772.5 million. The US increased by $ 99.2 million compared to 2016. The United States or by 14.7%, while Ukrainian exports amounted to $ 604.6 million. The US dollar increased by 23.8% or by USD 116.2 million. US, and Israeli imports amounted to $ 167.9 million. USD and decreased by 9.2% or USD 17 million. USA. The surplus for foreign trade in goods with Israel in 2017 was positive for Ukraine of $ 436.7 million. USA.

The main export commodity groups from Ukraine to Israel in 2017 were: grain crops (46.5% of total exports, growth by 59.8%); ferrous metals (25.9% of total exports, an increase of 5.1%); seeds and fruits of oilseeds (7.9% of total exports, growth by 47.9%); food industry residues and wastes (4.8% of total exports, falling by 36%); wood and wood products (1.7% of total exports, growth by 15.8%); fats and oils of animal or vegetable origin (1.6% of total exports, increase by 65.4%); milk and dairy products, poultry eggs; natural honey (1.5% of total exports, growth by 196.7%); Sugar and sugar confectionery (1.4% of total exports, growth of 11.8%) and products of the flour-grinding industry (1.2% of total exports, a drop of 11.1%).

The structure of Israeli exports to Ukraine in 2017 was as follows: diversified chemical products (39.8% of total exports, growth by 47%); mineral fuels, oil and products of its distillation (9.2% of total exports, falling by 69.2%); plastics, polymer materials (8.6% of total exports, growth by 19.2%); nuclear reactors, boilers (5.5% of total exports, growth by 4%); electric cars (5% of total exports, falling by 36.7%); pharmaceutical products (4.4% of total exports, falling by 20.8%) and goods purchased in ports (6.2% of total exports, an increase of 28.2%).

The total volume of trade in services for 2017 amounted to $ 200.9 million. The US has increased, compared with 2016, by 6.9% or by USD 12.9 million. USA. At the same time, exports amounted to 176.8 million dollars. US and increased by 5% or by 8.4 million dollars. The United States, and imports amounted to 24.1 million dollars. The US increased by 23.1% or $ 4.5 million. USA. The surplus of foreign trade in services was positive for Ukraine of USD 152.7 million. USA.

According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the volume of direct Israeli investments in the economy of Ukraine as of July 1, 2017 amounted to 46.7 million dollars. The US, which is 0.1% of the total volume of foreign direct investment attracted to the Ukrainian economy.

Conclusion. Ukrainian-Israeli cooperation in the agrarian sector is not limited to trade operations. Indeed, the success of Israel is largely due to long-term research in the field of agro-technology innovation. Familiarity with these technologies, their introduction into agro-industrial production, and the attraction of Israeli investments will make it possible to make a significant step in reforming the agricultural sector of our country. Obviously, the combination of opportunities of Ukraine and Israel will allow to significantly increase the agricultural potential, to strengthen the position of our countries in the world market of agricultural products.

Abstract

The location of Israel in the geopolitical coordinate system is determined by geographical location, natural resources, economic potential, foreign economic ties and appropriate support.

Geopolitical interests of Israel and Ukraine are outlined by the special aspects of cooperation between the two countries in the Middle East. It should be noted that the dynamics of bilateral relations between Ukraine and Israel is higher than with all other countries of the Middle East, Africa and even some EU member states.

Bilateral contacts intensified in 2016. The economy of Israel is a country with a developed economy, which is determined by the rapidly evolving anagrarian and agrarian dispersal. Key manufacturing industries are property owned and regulated by the state (rail transport, electricity, water supply, oil production).

In the international competitiveness rating, Israel has risen to third place in 2017 in the field of innovation, after Finland and Switzerland. The achievements of Israel are defined by the parameters of the country - the cost of innovation as a share of GDP, the security of information networks and the level of innovation in business. Israel ranked fifth in the global ranking of the Bloomberg innovation index. Israel's high technology sector continues to grow steadily, as does the Israeli cybersecurity industry: in 2016, Izraal exported products and services in the field of cyber security totaling more than $ 3 billion. USA.

Significantly intensified cooperation between Ukraine and Israel will help sign the Agreement on a Free Trade Area between Ukraine and Israel. The liberalization of the trade regime between our countries will ensure the diversification of Ukrainian exports.

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics International Scientific C O N F E R E N C E S "ECONOMY – XXI CENTURY"

E ISSN 2587 - 4691	∘ Nataliya Gruschinskaya ∘ Economic potential of collaboration of Ukraine - to Israel. Summary The article reveals issues of relations between Ukraine and Israel. Economic relations are adjusted depending on the geopolitical processes of the present. The author emphasizes the active pace of development of the Israeli economy and the possibility of using experience for Ukraine. Innovation of the Israeli economy deserves to be studied and used. Particular attention deserves achievements in agriculture, banking, IT technologies. Key words: national economy, bilateral relations Ukraine - Israel, innovations, investments. Introduction Socio-economic development in Israel depends, first of all, on global economic trends, the security situation in the Middle East, and the effectiveness of government action to address social problems. Given the export orientation of the Israeli economy, there is a risk of lower demand for Israeli products due to the volatile situation in the euro area, as well as the imbalance in the growth of US and EU economies, the main trading partners of the State of Israel. Main part.The economy of Israel is a country with a developed economy, which is determined by the rapidly evolving anagrarian and agrarian dispersal. Key manufacturing industries are property owned and regulated by the state (rail transport, electricity, water supply, oil production). Israel is one of the most developed economically and industrially countries in Southwest Asia, a country with a developed economy and high economic performance in general. According to the ratings of the World Economic Forum for 2017-2018, the country is on the 29th place. In 2008, Forbes magazine ranked "Top Countries for Business", where Israel ranked 16th. The technology of water conservation, as well as geothermal energy, has led Israel into world leaders in these areas. Under the development of software, telecommunications and natural sciences, the state can be equated to the American Silicon Valley. Such giants as Microsoft and Intel, IBM, SAP, Motorola and Cisco Systems in Israel have opened their research and development centers. GDP of Israel is distributed as follows: 2.7% - agriculture, 30.2% - industry, 67.1% - services sector. As of 2011, the unemployment rate in the state amounted to 5.8%. Innovative activity of the country is taken to measure the number of patents used by 1 million people. And, accordingly, this indicator for 2010-2016 in Israel increased the figure by one million people by 100, which led to a direct increase in GDP per capita in the country. In the structure of industrial production prevails high-tech products, as well as products from paper and wood, potash and phosphate fertilizers, light industry, beverages, tobacco, caustic soda, cement, construction, metal products, chemicals, plastics, diamond processing, textiles, footwear. Israel mainly imports raw materials, armaments, means of production, rough diamonds, fuel, grain, consumer goods. A large number of defense industry enterprises, and high-tech products. The state of Israel is pursuing a policy of subsidizing enterprises engaged in research and the introduction of new technologies, each year for these purposes is allocated about $ 400 million. Distribution of subsidies is engaged in the Bureau of the Chief Scientist at the Ministry of Commerce. Under conditions of successful sales of products, companies received subsidies for research and development, pay compensation to the Ministry in the form of interest payments. Israel fully provides its own electricity needs. In the international competitiveness rating, Israel has risen to third place in 2017 in the field of innovation, after Finland and Switzerland. The achievements of Israel are defined by the parameters of the country - the cost of innovation as a share of GDP, the security of information networks and the level of innovation in business. Israel ranked fifth in the global ranking of the Bloomberg innovation index. The first places are South Korea, Japan, Germany, Finland according to the rating of intellectual property, the presence on the market of IT companies, availability of highly skilled labor. Israel's high technology sector continues to grow steadily, as does the Israeli cybersecurity industry: in 2016, Izraal exported products and services in the field of cyber security totaling more than $ 3 billion. USA. Under conditions of successful sales of products, companies received subsidies for research and development, pay compensation to the Ministry in the form of interest payments. Israel fully provides its own electricity needs. In the international competitiveness rating, Israel has risen to third place in 2017 in the field of innovation, after Finland and Switzerland. The achievements of Israel are defined by the parameters of the country - the cost of innovation as a share of GDP, the security of information networks and the level of innovation in business. Israel ranked fifth in the global ranking of the Bloomberg innovation index. The first places are South Korea, Japan, Germany, Finland according to the rating of intellectual property, the presence on the market of IT companies, availability of highly skilled labor. Israel's high technology sector continues to grow steadily, as does the Israeli cybersecurity industry: in 2016, Israel exported products and services in the field of cyber security totaling more than $ 3 billion. USA. Israel has developed agriculture, stoic production of citrus fruits, vegetables, cotton, beef, poultry, milk. Intensive research and development, even in traditional industries, has transformed Israel from land flowing with milk and honey into a state of high technology, including software, communications, biotechnology, pharmaceutical industry and nanotechnology. In general, Israel's own agricultural sector provides 95% of food supplies, with a large number of products being exported. Some cereals and oilseeds, meat, coffee, cacao and sugar are imported into the country. In agriculture, this occupy 3.5% of the able-bodied population. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine in 2017, the volume of trade in goods and services between Ukraine and Israel amounted to 973.4 million dollars. The US has increased, compared with 2016, by 13% or by USD 112.1 million. The USA (in 2016 - USD 861.3 million). At the same time, exports amounted to 781.4 million dollars. US and increased by 18.6% or by 124.6 million dollars. The United States (in 2016 - USD 658.8 million), while imports amounted to USD 192 million. The US dollar decreased by 6.1% or by USD 12.5 million. The USA (in 2016 - USD 204.5 million). The surplus for foreign trade in goods and services with Israel in 2017 was positive for Ukraine of $ 589.4 million. USA. The volume of trade in goods between Ukraine and Israel in 2017 amounted to USD 772.5 million. The US increased by $ 99.2 million compared to 2016. The United States or by 14.7%, while Ukrainian exports amounted to $ 604.6 million. The US dollar increased by 23.8% or by USD 116.2 million. US, and Israeli imports amounted to $ 167.9 million. USD and decreased by 9.2% or USD 17 million. USA. The surplus for foreign trade in goods with Israel in 2017 was positive for Ukraine of $ 436.7 million. USA. The main export commodity groups from Ukraine to Israel in 2017 were: grain crops (46.5% of total exports, growth by 59.8%); ferrous metals (25.9% of total exports, an increase of 5.1%); seeds and fruits of oilseeds (7.9% of total exports, growth by 47.9%); food industry residues and wastes (4.8% of total exports, falling by 36%); wood and wood products (1.7% of total exports, growth by 15.8%); fats and oils of animal or vegetable origin (1.6% of total exports, increase by 65.4%); milk and dairy products, poultry eggs; natural honey (1.5% of total exports, growth by 196.7%); Sugar and sugar confectionery (1.4% of total exports, growth of 11.8%) and products of the flour-grinding industry (1.2% of total exports, a drop of 11.1%). The structure of Israeli exports to Ukraine in 2017 was as follows: diversified chemical products (39.8% of total exports, growth by 47%); mineral fuels, oil and products of its distillation (9.2% of total exports, falling by 69.2%); plastics, polymer materials (8.6% of total exports, growth by 19.2%); nuclear reactors, boilers (5.5% of total exports, growth by 4%); electric cars (5% of total exports, falling by 36.7%); pharmaceutical products (4.4% of total exports, falling by 20.8%) and goods purchased in ports (6.2% of total exports, an increase of 28.2%). The total volume of trade in services for 2017 amounted to $ 200.9 million. The US has increased, compared with 2016, by 6.9% or by USD 12.9 million. USA. At the same time, exports amounted to 176.8 million dollars. US and increased by 5% or by 8.4 million dollars. The United States, and imports amounted to 24.1 million dollars. The US increased by 23.1% or $ 4.5 million. USA. The surplus of foreign trade in services was positive for Ukraine of USD 152.7 million. USA. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the volume of direct Israeli investments in the economy of Ukraine as of July 1, 2017 amounted to 46.7 million dollars. The US, which is 0.1% of the total volume of foreign direct investment attracted to the Ukrainian economy. Conclusion. Ukrainian-Israeli cooperation in the agrarian sector is not limited to trade operations. Indeed, the success of Israel is largely due to long-term research in the field of agro-technology innovation. Familiarity with these technologies, their introduction into agro-industrial production, and the attraction of Israeli investments will make it possible to make a significant step in reforming the agricultural sector of our country. Obviously, the combination of opportunities of Ukraine and Israel will allow to significantly increase the agricultural potential, to strengthen the position of our countries in the world market of agricultural products. Abstract The location of Israel in the geopolitical coordinate system is determined by geographical location, natural resources, economic potential, foreign economic ties and appropriate support. Geopolitical interests of Israel and Ukraine are outlined by the special aspects of cooperation between the two countries in the Middle East. It should be noted that the dynamics of bilateral relations between Ukraine and Israel is higher than with all other countries of the Middle East, Africa and even some EU member states. Bilateral contacts intensified in 2016. The economy of Israel is a country with a developed economy, which is determined by the rapidly evolving anagrarian and agrarian dispersal. Key manufacturing industries are property owned and regulated by the state (rail transport, electricity, water supply, oil production). Israel is one of the most developed economically and industrially countries in Southwest Asia, a country with a developed economy and high economic performance in general. According to the ratings of the World Economic Forum for 2017-2018, the country is on the 29th place. Innovative activity of the country is taken to measure the number of patents used by 1 million people. And, accordingly, this indicator for 2010-2016 in Israel increased the figure by one million people by 100, which led to a direct increase in GDP per capita in the country. In the international competitiveness rating, Israel has risen to third place in 2017 in the field of innovation, after Finland and Switzerland. The achievements of Israel are defined by the parameters of the country - the cost of innovation as a share of GDP, the security of information networks and the level of innovation in business. Israel ranked fifth in the global ranking of the Bloomberg innovation index. Israel's high technology sector continues to grow steadily, as does the Israeli cybersecurity industry: in 2016, Izraal exported products and services in the field of cyber security totaling more than $ 3 billion. USA. Israel has developed agriculture, stoic production of citrus fruits, vegetables, cotton, beef, poultry, milk. Intensive research and development, even in traditional industries, has transformed Israel from land flowing with milk and honey into a state of high technology, including software, communications, biotechnology, pharmaceutical industry and nanotechnology. In general, Israel's own agricultural sector provides 95% of food supplies, with a large number of products being exported. Some cereals and oilseeds, meat, coffee, cacao and sugar are imported into the country. Significantly intensified cooperation between Ukraine and Israel will help sign the Agreement on a Free Trade Area between Ukraine and Israel. The liberalization of the trade regime between our countries will ensure the diversification of Ukrainian exports.